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universal gates


Universal Gates

            Hi all J now we move to our next session~ lets play with UNIVERSAL GATES~ Its sounds cool right? Lets explore through this exciting topic in greater depth J
            
           Ok , we have learned about AND, OR, and NOT gates in the previous lessons~ Now i will add to more gates which is NAND and NOR gates. These two gates are called UNIVERSAL GATES. So, dont be so confused~ It’s actually look almost same as AND and OR gates. By just adding Inverting Bubble infront of AND and OR gates, it 100% change to NAND and OR~ Its look easy right? But ...







What is inverting bubble??


 Dont worry la~ The small circle (bubble) at the output of the graphic symbol of a NOT gate is
formally  called negation indicator known also as Inverting Bubble J



 Have know what is Inverting Bubble? Now we move to our main discussion about NAND and OR gates. We go through it one by one~

::_::NAND Gates::_::

The  NAND gate represents the complement of the AND operation. Its also called as NOT AND. As i said above, the symbol of NAND gates content AND gates and an inverting bubble in front of it.

Its cool right? Just combine 1 item (inverting bubble) got new gates~ J Looks at Truth table below and NAND symbol for better understanding J






The fact is that the  NAND operation is the complement of the AND. The truth table clearly shows it J

::_::NOR Gates::_::
            Now we will look at NOR gates~ It is in the same concept with the NAND gates~ The  NOR gate represents the complement of the OR operation. Its also called as NOT OR. As the same concept as NAND, the symbol of NOR gates content OR gates and an inverting bubble in front of it.
           
            Because of its the same concept as NAND~ its also cool right? Lolz~ J Look at Truth table and symbol below~



            The truth table clearly shows that the NOR operation is the complement of the OR.

So , easy right? Just understand the concept and you will master it~ Thanks for still following us~ see you next time J bye J         

-Muhammad Izzuddin bin Abdul Alim
-B031210175

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